There are close similarities between the Brunovistulian Terrane and the Istanbul Zone both in the Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic. The geological structure, lithology and geochronology of the Cadomian Brunovistulicum show broad fit with the crystalline basement of the Istanbul Zone. Their Gondwana or Baltica affinity is still poorly constrained and remains a matter of discussion. The Vendian and Cambrian sequences recognized in the central Malopolska, Brunovistulian and Moesian terranes correlate well with the Scythian Platform. In the Istanbul Zone the presence of the pre-Ordovician sedimentary sequences has not been confirmed and may only be anticipated. In the Paleozoic the best fit was attained in the Devonian–Carboniferous interval. The sedimentary record in the Zonguldak and Istanbul Terranes closely compares to the Moravian Karst and Ludmirov facies developments of the Brunovistulian Terrane. The correlation is reinforced by a good fit of the main Variscan deformation phases attributed both in the Brunovistulian Terrane and the Istanbul Zone to the late Visean–early Namurian and Westphalian–Stephanian intervals. This supports, together with the paleobiogeographic data, the interpretation that the Istanbul and Zonguldak Terranes can be regarded as counterparts of the Rhenohercynian and Subvariscan Zone in Central Europe. The Istanbul Zone is juxtaposed against the Sakarya Zone viewed as a part of the Armorican Terrane Assemblage.