Lower Cretaceous deposits of the Spas Shale from the Skole Nappe in Poland have been palynologically studied in several localities. Special emphasis has been put on the dinocyst assemblages. The Spas Shale consists of black shales which are intercalated with green shales in the uppermost part. All the samples yielded rich and well preserved dinocyst and other palynomorph assemblages. The age of the studied deposits, based on dinocysts, spans from middle-late Barremian to latest Albian (Vraconian). Palynofacies assemblages of the middle-upper Barremian samples are characteristic for the neritic paleoenvironment. That contradicts previous data based on foraminiferal and lithological researches and may suggest transport of shallow marine organic matter into the deeper part of the basin. The Albian palynofacies is characteristic for an open marine paleoenvironment influenced by land-derived material. The studied dinocysts are almost entirely warm-water taxa. The presence of a few cold-water species in the Barremian samples suggests a connection between the Tethyan and Boreal provinces.